diff --git a/.buildkite/check-torch-abi.py b/.buildkite/check-torch-abi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..493952c33e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.buildkite/check-torch-abi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright contributors to the vLLM project
+
+"""Audit vLLM compiled libraries for PyTorch stable ABI compliance."""
+
+import fnmatch
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from torch_abi_audit import inspect_package
+from torch_abi_audit.report import ExtensionReport, PackageReport
+
+# Temporary allowlist of extensions not yet on the stable ABI.
+# Shrink and remove over time.
+ALLOWED_UNSTABLE_LIBRARIES: tuple[str, ...] = (
+    "vllm_flash_attn/_vllm_fa2_C.abi3.so",
+    "vllm_flash_attn/_vllm_fa3_C.abi3.so",
+    "third_party/deep_gemm/_C*.so",
+)
+
+
+def _relative_path(lib: ExtensionReport, package_root: Path) -> str:
+    try:
+        return lib.path.relative_to(package_root).as_posix()
+    except ValueError:
+        return lib.path.name
+
+
+def _is_torch_unstable(lib: ExtensionReport) -> bool:
+    return lib.error is None and lib.torch.uses_torch and not lib.torch.stable
+
+
+def _matches_allowlist(rel_path: str, patterns: tuple[str, ...]) -> bool:
+    return any(fnmatch.fnmatch(rel_path, pattern) for pattern in patterns)
+
+
+def _iter_libs(report: PackageReport) -> tuple[ExtensionReport, ...]:
+    return (*report.extensions, *report.bundled_libs)
+
+
+def _collect_unstable(report: PackageReport) -> list[str]:
+    return sorted(
+        _relative_path(lib, report.root)
+        for lib in _iter_libs(report)
+        if _is_torch_unstable(lib)
+    )
+
+
+def _find_stale_allowlist_entries(
+    report: PackageReport, patterns: tuple[str, ...]
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Allowlist patterns that match a built library which is no longer unstable."""
+    stale: list[str] = []
+    for pattern in patterns:
+        for lib in _iter_libs(report):
+            if lib.error is not None:
+                continue
+            if not fnmatch.fnmatch(_relative_path(lib, report.root), pattern):
+                continue
+            if not _is_torch_unstable(lib):
+                stale.append(pattern)
+                break
+    return stale
+
+
+def check_torch_abi(
+    package: str = "vllm",
+    patterns: tuple[str, ...] = ALLOWED_UNSTABLE_LIBRARIES,
+) -> int:
+    report = inspect_package(package)
+    if report.error:
+        print(f"error: failed to inspect {package!r}: {report.error}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 2
+
+    unstable = _collect_unstable(report)
+    unexpected = [
+        rel_path for rel_path in unstable if not _matches_allowlist(rel_path, patterns)
+    ]
+    stale = _find_stale_allowlist_entries(report, patterns)
+
+    if unexpected or stale:
+        if unexpected:
+            print(
+                "Not allowed: torch-unstable libraries outside "
+                f"ALLOWED_UNSTABLE_LIBRARIES: {', '.join(unexpected)}",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+        if stale:
+            print(
+                "Not allowed: stale ALLOWED_UNSTABLE_LIBRARIES entries: "
+                f"{', '.join(stale)}",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+        return 1
+
+    print("Torch stable ABI check passed.")
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(">>> Auditing vLLM extension modules for PyTorch stable ABI compliance")
+    sys.exit(check_torch_abi())
diff --git a/.buildkite/ci_config.yaml b/.buildkite/ci_config.yaml
index 21ffa1b9b8..9e1e46db67 100644
--- a/.buildkite/ci_config.yaml
+++ b/.buildkite/ci_config.yaml
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ run_all_patterns:
   - "setup.py"
   - "csrc/"
   - "cmake/"
+  - ".buildkite/check-torch-abi.py"
 run_all_exclude_patterns:
   - "docker/Dockerfile."
   - "csrc/cpu/"
diff --git a/.buildkite/test_areas/torch_abi.yaml b/.buildkite/test_areas/torch_abi.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eaef355166
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.buildkite/test_areas/torch_abi.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+group: Torch ABI
+depends_on:
+  - image-build
+steps:
+- label: Torch Stable ABI Audit
+  key: torch-stable-abi-audit
+  timeout_in_minutes: 5
+  source_file_dependencies:
+  - .buildkite/check-torch-abi.py
+  - csrc/
+  - cmake/
+  - setup.py
+  commands:
+  - python3 /vllm-workspace/.buildkite/check-torch-abi.py
diff --git a/requirements/test/cpu.txt b/requirements/test/cpu.txt
index 3cb251a308..923b54bb14 100644
--- a/requirements/test/cpu.txt
+++ b/requirements/test/cpu.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
 #    uv pip compile requirements/test/cuda.in -o requirements/test/cpu.txt --index-strategy unsafe-best-match --torch-backend cpu --python-platform x86_64-manylinux_2_28 --python-version 3.12
+abi3info==2025.11.29
+    # via torch-abi-audit
 absl-py==2.1.0
     # via rouge-score
 accelerate==1.13.0
@@ -763,6 +765,8 @@ pycparser==2.22
     # via cffi
 pycryptodomex==3.22.0
     # via blobfile
+pycxxfilt==0.1.0
+    # via torch-abi-audit
 pydantic==2.12.0
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test/../common.txt
@@ -1127,6 +1131,8 @@ torch==2.13.0+cpu
     #   vector-quantize-pytorch
     #   vocos
     #   xgrammar
+torch-abi-audit==0.0.1
+    # via -r requirements/test/cuda.in
 torchaudio==2.11.0+cpu
     # via
     #   -r requirements/test/cuda.in
diff --git a/requirements/test/cuda.in b/requirements/test/cuda.in
index b33257250e..377224eac3 100644
--- a/requirements/test/cuda.in
+++ b/requirements/test/cuda.in
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ schemathesis>=4.0.0 # Required for openai schema test.
 # quantization
 bitsandbytes==0.49.2
 buildkite-test-collector==0.1.9
-
+torch-abi-audit # CI check for PyTorch stable ABI compliance
 
 genai_perf>=0.0.8
 tritonclient>=2.51.0
diff --git a/requirements/test/cuda.txt b/requirements/test/cuda.txt
index 6490502cdd..6c155d89bd 100644
--- a/requirements/test/cuda.txt
+++ b/requirements/test/cuda.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
 #    uv pip compile requirements/test/cuda.in -c requirements/cuda.txt -o requirements/test/cuda.txt --index-strategy unsafe-best-match --torch-backend cu130 --python-platform x86_64-manylinux_2_28 --python-version 3.12
+abi3info==2025.11.29
+    # via torch-abi-audit
 absl-py==2.1.0
     # via rouge-score
 accelerate==1.13.0
@@ -850,6 +852,8 @@ pycparser==2.22
     # via cffi
 pycryptodomex==3.22.0
     # via blobfile
+pycxxfilt==0.1.0
+    # via torch-abi-audit
 pydantic==2.12.0
     # via
     #   -c requirements/common.txt
@@ -1225,6 +1229,8 @@ torch==2.13.0+cu130
     #   vector-quantize-pytorch
     #   vocos
     #   xgrammar
+torch-abi-audit==0.0.1
+    # via -r requirements/test/cuda.in
 torchaudio==2.11.0+cu130
     # via
     #   -c requirements/cuda.txt